Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Thu 29 Aug 1974

Shiva’s Pradosh puja is done in pradosha, the 3 muhurtas after sunset. Trayodashi runs from 09:26 on Thu 29 Aug to 11:56 on Fri 30 Aug, so only Thursday’s pradosha (18:05–20:32) falls within it. No text giving Pradosh Vrat’s time was found; pradosha is Tithika’s convention.

Pradosh Vrat: every date in Ipameri

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 132°–144° is the 12th, Shukla Dwadashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:22 here. Ekadashi ended at 06:56 Wed, before it. Dwadashi ends at 09:26, when the lead reaches 144°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 17 Aug, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

The night of Wed 28 Aug ran from sunset 18:05 Wed to sunrise 06:22, 12 h 17 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 49 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:22 to 18:05, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 27 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:05 to 06:21 Fri, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 32 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Uttara Ashadha spans 266°40′–280°00′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 273°20′. It leaves at 16:59, for Shravana.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 132.2° + 274.8° = 407°, one full turn and 47°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 40°00′–53°20′ is the 4th, Saubhagya. It ends at 18:23, then Shobhana.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Dwadashi is Bava and the second Balava. Bava ended at 20:11 Wed, when the lead reached 138°; Balava runs until 09:26.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:22 to 06:21 Fri, so the hours after midnight still belong to Guruwara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 17 Aug 16:01 Sat to 15 Sep 23:45 Sun the Sun stayed in Simha, entering Kanya at 16 Sep 15:33 Mon, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Bhadrapada, before Bhadrapada itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 17 Aug, with the Sun in Simha, began Bhadrapada (Adhik). This Shukla paksha reads Bhadrapada (Adhik) in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 23 Mar 1974, 18:23 Sat. Since then the Sun has moved 152.8° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2031; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1896.