Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Wed 21 Feb 1973

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 228°–240° is the 20th, Krishna Panchami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:09 here. Chaturthi ended at 05:26, before it. Panchami ends at 06:40 Thu, when the lead reaches 240°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 17 Feb, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Panchami began at 05:26, before sunrise at 06:09, and ends at 06:40 Thu, after the next sunrise at 06:09 Thu. Both days read Panchami: it is a vriddhi tithi here.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 06:54, came before Chaturthi ended at 13:56: this day reads Chaturthi.

Ipameri · UTC−3

Sunrise here, 06:09, came after Chaturthi ended at 05:26: this day reads Panchami.

The night of Tue 20 Feb ran from sunset 18:43 Tue to sunrise 06:09, 11 h 26 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 45 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:09 to 18:43, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 34 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:43 to 06:09 Thu, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 25 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Chitra spans 173°20′–186°40′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 176°40′. It leaves at 23:52, for Swati.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 309.1° + 177.5° = 486.6°, one full turn and 126.6°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 120°00′–133°20′ is the 10th, Ganda. It ends at 18:08, then Vriddhi.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Panchami is Kaulava and the second Taitila. Kaulava runs until 17:58, when the lead reaches 234°; Taitila until 06:40 Thu.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:09 to 06:09 Thu, so the hours after midnight still belong to Budhawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Makara gives Magha. The Sun enters Kumbha on 12 Feb, inside the month. The next new moon, 4 Mar, finds it in Kumbha and begins Phalguna.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 4 Mar, with the Sun in Kumbha, begins Phalguna. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Phalguna here, and Magha in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 15 Mar 1972, 08:34 Wed. Since then the Sun has moved 337.6° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2029; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1894.