Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Sat 9 May 1964

Shiva’s Pradosh puja is done in pradosha, the 3 muhurtas after sunset. Trayodashi runs from 03:41 on Sat 9 May to 00:52 on Sun 10 May, so only Saturday’s pradosha (17:49–20:21) falls within it. No text giving Pradosh Vrat’s time was found; pradosha is Tithika’s convention.

Pradosh Vrat: every date in Ipameri

Shiva’s worship centres on nishitha, the midnight muhurta. Chaturdashi runs from 00:52 on Sun 10 May to 21:35 on Sun 10 May, between the two nights’ nishitha, touching neither. The Nirnayasindhu then takes the earlier day: Sat 9 May. No text giving Masik Shivratri’s time was found; nishitha is Tithika’s convention.

Masik Shivratri: every date in Ipameri

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 324°–336° is the 28th, Krishna Trayodashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:28 here. Dwadashi ended at 03:41, before it. Trayodashi ends at 00:52 Sun, when the lead reaches 336°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 26 Apr, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 05:34, came before Dwadashi ended at 12:11: this day reads Dwadashi.

Ipameri · UTC−3

Sunrise here, 06:28, came after Dwadashi ended at 03:41: this day reads Trayodashi.

The night of Fri 8 May ran from sunset 17:50 Fri to sunrise 06:28, 12 h 38 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 50 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:28 to 17:49, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 25 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 17:49 to 06:28 Sun, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 34 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Revati spans 346°40′–360°00′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 350°. It leaves at 21:20, for Ashwini.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 25.4° + 351° = 376.4°, one full turn and 16.4°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 13°20′–26°40′ is the 2nd, Priti. It ends at 22:19, then Ayushmana.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Trayodashi is Garaja and the second Vanija. Garaja runs until 14:20, when the lead reaches 330°; Vanija until 00:52 Sun.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:28 to 06:28 Sun, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shaniwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Meena gives Chaitra. The Sun enters Mesha on 13 Apr, inside the month. The next new moon, 11 May, finds it in Mesha and begins Vaishakha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 11 May, with the Sun in Mesha, begins Vaishakha. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Vaishakha here, and Chaitra in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 13 Mar 1964, 23:13 Fri. Since then the Sun has moved 55.2° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2021; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1886.