Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Wed 25 Mar 1964

Shiva’s Pradosh puja is done in pradosha, the 3 muhurtas after sunset. Trayodashi runs from 23:58 on Tue 24 Mar to 23:32 on Wed 25 Mar, so only Wednesday’s pradosha (18:19–20:43) falls within it. No text giving Pradosh Vrat’s time was found; pradosha is Tithika’s convention.

Pradosh Vrat: every date in Ipameri

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 144°–156° is the 13th, Shukla Trayodashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:17 here. Dwadashi ended at 23:58 Tue, before it. Trayodashi ends at 23:32, when the lead reaches 156°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 13 Mar, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 06:19, came before Dwadashi ended at 08:28: this day reads Dwadashi.

Ipameri · UTC−3

Sunrise here, 06:17, came after Dwadashi ended at 23:58 Tue: this day reads Trayodashi.

The night of Tue 24 Mar ran from sunset 18:20 Tue to sunrise 06:17, 11 h 57 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 47 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:17 to 18:19, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 30 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:19 to 06:17 Thu, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 29 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Magha spans 120°00′–133°20′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 126°40′. It leaves at 14:49, for Purva Phalguni.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 341.4° + 128.6° = 470°, one full turn and 110°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 106°40′–120°00′ is the 9th, Shula. It ends at 23:08, then Ganda.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Trayodashi is Kaulava and the second Taitila. Kaulava runs until 11:43, when the lead reaches 150°; Taitila until 23:32.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:17 to 06:17 Thu, so the hours after midnight still belong to Budhawara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 13 Mar 23:13 Fri to 12 Apr 09:37 Sun the Sun stayed in Meena, entering Mesha at 13 Apr 03:22 Mon, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Chaitra, before Chaitra itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 13 Mar, with the Sun in Meena, began Chaitra (Adhik). This Shukla paksha reads Chaitra (Adhik) in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 13 Mar 1964, 23:13 Fri. Since then the Sun has moved 11.2° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2021; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1886.