Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Sat 14 Mar 1964

Vikram Samvat 2021 begins on the day Chaitra Shukla Pratipada holds sunrise: Sat 14 Mar, at 06:15. Pratipada lasts until 21:09.

Nav Samvatsar: every date in Ipameri

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 0°–12° is the 1st, Shukla Pratipada. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:15 here. Amavasya ended at 23:13 Fri, before it. Pratipada ends at 21:09, when the lead reaches 12°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 13 Mar, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 06:32, came before Amavasya ended at 07:43: this day reads Amavasya. Pratipada ends at 05:39 Sun, before the next sunrise, so no day here reads Pratipada: it is kshaya.

Ipameri · UTC−3

Sunrise here, 06:15, came after Amavasya ended at 23:13 Fri: this day reads Pratipada.

The night of Fri 13 Mar ran from sunset 18:29 Fri to sunrise 06:15, 11 h 46 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 47 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:15 to 18:28, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 31 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:28 to 06:15 Sun, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 28 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Uttara Bhadrapada spans 333°20′–346°40′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 333°20′. It leaves at 03:09 Sun, for Revati.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 330.5° + 334.3° = 664.8°, one full turn and 304.8°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 293°20′–306°40′ is the 23rd, Shubha. It ends at 09:16, then Shukla.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Pratipada is Kinstughna and the second Bava. Kinstughna runs until 10:14, when the lead reaches 6°; Bava until 21:09.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:15 to 06:15 Sun, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shaniwara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 13 Mar 23:13 Fri to 12 Apr 09:37 Sun the Sun stayed in Meena, entering Mesha at 13 Apr 03:22 Mon, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Chaitra, before Chaitra itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 13 Mar, with the Sun in Meena, began Chaitra (Adhik). This Shukla paksha reads Chaitra (Adhik) in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 13 Mar 1964, 23:13 Fri. Since then the Sun has moved 0.3° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2021; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1886.