Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Sun 17 Jan 1960

The Sankashti fast is broken at moonrise. Chaturthi runs from 00:57 on Sun 17 Jan to 01:35 on Mon 18 Jan, so it holds moonrise only on Sun 17 Jan, at 21:29. No text giving Sankashti Chaturthi’s time was found; moonrise is Tithika’s convention.

Sankashti Chaturthi: every date in Ipameri

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 216°–228° is the 19th, Krishna Chaturthi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:50 here. Tritiya ended at 00:57, before it. Chaturthi ends at 01:35 Mon, when the lead reaches 228°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 13 Jan, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 07:15, came before Tritiya ended at 09:27: this day reads Tritiya.

Ipameri · UTC−3

Sunrise here, 05:50, came after Tritiya ended at 00:57: this day reads Chaturthi.

The night of Sat 16 Jan ran from sunset 18:54 Sat to sunrise 05:50, 10 h 56 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 43 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:50 to 18:54, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 38 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:54 to 05:51 Mon, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 22 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Magha spans 120°00′–133°20′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 130°. It leaves at 09:39, for Purva Phalguni.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 273° + 131.3° = 404.3°, one full turn and 44.3°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 40°00′–53°20′ is the 4th, Saubhagya. It ends at 21:40, then Shobhana.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Chaturthi is Bava and the second Balava. Bava runs until 13:19, when the lead reaches 222°; Balava until 01:35 Mon.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:50 to 05:51 Mon, so the hours after midnight still belong to Raviwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Dhanu gives Pausha. The Sun enters Makara on 14 Jan, inside the month. The next new moon, 28 Jan, finds it in Makara and begins Magha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 28 Jan, with the Sun in Makara, begins Magha. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Magha here, and Pausha in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 8 Apr 1959, 00:29 Wed. Since then the Sun has moved 278.7° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2016; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1881.