Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Sun 27 Jul 1958

Shiva’s Pradosh puja is done in pradosha, the 3 muhurtas after sunset. Trayodashi runs from 15:43 on Sun 27 Jul to 14:41 on Mon 28 Jul, so only Sunday’s pradosha (17:57–20:30) falls within it. No text giving Pradosh Vrat’s time was found; pradosha is Tithika’s convention.

Pradosh Vrat: every date in Ipameri

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 132°–144° is the 12th, Shukla Dwadashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:41 here. Ekadashi ended at 17:02 Sat, before it. Dwadashi ends at 15:43, when the lead reaches 144°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 16 Jul, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

The night of Sat 26 Jul ran from sunset 17:57 Sat to sunrise 06:41, 12 h 44 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 50 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:41 to 17:57, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 24 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 17:57 to 06:40 Mon, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 35 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Jyeshtha spans 226°40′–240°00′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 236°40′. It leaves at 07:01, for Mula.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 100.6° + 239.8° = 340.4°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 333°20′–346°40′ is the 26th, Indra. It ends at 17:02, then Vaidhriti.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Dwadashi is Bava and the second Balava. Bava ended at 04:21, when the lead reached 138°; Balava runs until 15:43.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:41 to 06:40 Mon, so the hours after midnight still belong to Raviwara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 16 Jul 15:33 Wed to 15 Aug 00:33 Fri the Sun stayed in Karka, entering Simha at 16 Aug 13:17 Sat, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Shravana, before Shravana itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 16 Jul, with the Sun in Karka, began Shravana (Adhik). This Shukla paksha reads Shravana (Adhik) in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 20 Mar 1958, 06:49 Thu. Since then the Sun has moved 124.6° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2015; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1880.