Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Sun 21 Aug 1955

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 36°–48° is the 4th, Shukla Chaturthi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:28 here. Tritiya ended at 12:42 Sat, before it. Chaturthi ends at 12:37, when the lead reaches 48°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 17 Aug, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

The night of Sat 20 Aug ran from sunset 18:03 Sat to sunrise 06:28, 12 h 25 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 49 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:28 to 18:03, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 26 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:03 to 06:27 Mon, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 33 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Hasta spans 160°00′–173°20′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 166°40′. It leaves at 14:04, for Chitra.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 124.3° + 169.3° = 293.6°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 293°20′–306°40′ is the 23rd, Shubha. It ends at 05:23 Mon, then Shukla.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Chaturthi is Vanija and the second Vishti. Vanija ended at 00:34, when the lead reached 42°; Vishti runs until 12:37.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:28 to 06:27 Mon, so the hours after midnight still belong to Raviwara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 17 Aug 16:58 Wed to 16 Sep 03:19 Fri the Sun stayed in Simha, entering Kanya at 16 Sep 18:46 Fri, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Bhadrapada, before Bhadrapada itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 17 Aug, with the Sun in Simha, began Bhadrapada (Adhik). This Shukla paksha reads Bhadrapada (Adhik) in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 24 Mar 1955, 00:42 Thu. Since then the Sun has moved 144.8° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2012; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1877.