Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Mon 20 Apr 1953

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 72°–84° is the 7th, Shukla Saptami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:23 here. Shashthi ended at 07:40 Sun, before it. Saptami ends at 08:49, when the lead reaches 84°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 13 Apr, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

The night of Sun 19 Apr ran from sunset 18:00 Sun to sunrise 06:23, 12 h 23 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 49 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:23 to 18:00, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 27 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:00 to 06:23 Tue, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 32 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Punarvasu spans 80°00′–93°20′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 86°40′. It leaves at 13:37, for Pushya.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 6.8° + 89.6° = 96.4°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 93°20′–106°40′ is the 8th, Dhriti. It ends at 01:03 Tue, then Shula.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Saptami is Garaja and the second Vanija. Garaja ended at 20:09 Sun, when the lead reached 78°; Vanija runs until 08:49.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:23 to 06:23 Tue, so the hours after midnight still belong to Somawara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 13 Apr 17:08 Mon to 13 May 02:05 Wed the Sun stayed in Mesha, entering Vrishabha at 14 May 04:41 Thu, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Vaishakha, before Vaishakha itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 13 Apr, with the Sun in Mesha, began Vaishakha (Adhik). This Shukla paksha reads Vaishakha (Adhik) in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 15 Mar 1953, 08:04 Sun. Since then the Sun has moved 35.4° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2010; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1875.