Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Sun 13 Apr 1952

The Sun enters Mesha at 01:31, after sunset (18:05 Sat), so the next day keeps it: Sun 13 Apr. No text giving Mesha Sankranti’s time was found; sankranti is Tithika’s convention.

Mesha Sankranti: every date in Ipameri

The Sankashti fast is broken at moonrise. Chaturthi runs from 02:49 on Sun 13 Apr to 01:07 on Mon 14 Apr, so it holds moonrise only on Sun 13 Apr, at 20:36. No text giving Sankashti Chaturthi’s time was found; moonrise is Tithika’s convention.

Sankashti Chaturthi: every date in Ipameri

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 216°–228° is the 19th, Krishna Chaturthi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:21 here. Tritiya ended at 02:49, before it. Chaturthi ends at 01:07 Mon, when the lead reaches 228°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 10 Apr, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 05:58, came before Tritiya ended at 11:19: this day reads Tritiya.

Ipameri · UTC−3

Sunrise here, 06:21, came after Tritiya ended at 02:49: this day reads Chaturthi.

The night of Sat 12 Apr ran from sunset 18:05 Sat to sunrise 06:21, 12 h 16 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 49 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:21 to 18:04, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 27 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:04 to 06:21 Mon, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 32 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Anuradha spans 213°20′–226°40′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 216°40′. It leaves at 21:10, for Jyeshtha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 0.2° + 218.1° = 218.3°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 213°20′–226°40′ is the 17th, Vyatipata. It ends at 19:53, then Variyana.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Chaturthi is Bava and the second Balava. Bava runs until 14:00, when the lead reaches 222°; Balava until 01:07 Mon.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:21 to 06:21 Mon, so the hours after midnight still belong to Raviwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Meena gives Chaitra. The Sun enters Mesha on 13 Apr, inside the month. The next new moon, 24 Apr, finds it in Mesha and begins Vaishakha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 24 Apr, with the Sun in Mesha, begins Vaishakha. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Vaishakha here, and Chaitra in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 25 Mar 1952, 18:12 Tue. Since then the Sun has moved 18.3° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2009; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1874.