Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Wed 12 Jul 1950

Shiva’s Pradosh puja is done in pradosha, the 3 muhurtas after sunset. Trayodashi runs from 22:20 on Tue 11 Jul to 00:03 on Thu 13 Jul, so only Wednesday’s pradosha (17:52–20:26) falls within it. No text giving Pradosh Vrat’s time was found; pradosha is Tithika’s convention.

Pradosh Vrat: every date in Ipameri

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 324°–336° is the 28th, Krishna Trayodashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:44 here. Dwadashi ended at 22:20 Tue, before it. Trayodashi ends at 00:03 Thu, when the lead reaches 336°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 29 Jun, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 05:31, came before Dwadashi ended at 06:50: this day reads Dwadashi.

Ipameri · UTC−3

Sunrise here, 06:44, came after Dwadashi ended at 22:20 Tue: this day reads Trayodashi.

The night of Tue 11 Jul ran from sunset 17:52 Tue to sunrise 06:44, 12 h 52 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 51 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:44 to 17:52, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 23 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 17:52 to 06:44 Thu, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 36 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Mrigashira spans 53°20′–66°40′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 53°20′. It leaves at 07:13 Thu, for Ardra.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 86.3° + 54.2° = 140.5°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 133°20′–146°40′ is the 11th, Vriddhi. It ends at 18:00, then Dhruva.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Trayodashi is Garaja and the second Vanija. Garaja runs until 11:15, when the lead reaches 330°; Vanija until 00:03 Thu.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:44 to 06:44 Thu, so the hours after midnight still belong to Budhawara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 15 Jun 12:52 Thu to 15 Jul 02:05 Sat the Sun stayed in Mithuna, entering Karka at 16 Jul 03:41 Sun, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Ashadha, before Ashadha itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 15 Jul, with the Sun in Mithuna, begins Ashadha (Adhik). Until then this Krishna paksha reads Ashadha (Adhik) here, and Ashadha (Adhik) in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 18 Mar 1950, 13:20 Sat. Since then the Sun has moved 112° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2007; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1872.