Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Fri 30 Jun 1950

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 180°–192° is the 16th, Krishna Pratipada. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:43 here. Purnima ended at 16:58 Thu, before it. Pratipada ends at 14:05, when the lead reaches 192°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 29 Jun, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Thu 29 Jun ran from sunset 17:48 Thu to sunrise 06:43, 12 h 55 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 51 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:43 to 17:48, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 23 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 17:48 to 06:43 Sat, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 36 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Purva Ashadha spans 253°20′–266°40′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 260°. It leaves at 13:17, for Uttara Ashadha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 74.9° + 262.7° = 337.6°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 333°20′–346°40′ is the 26th, Indra. It ends at 20:54, then Vaidhriti.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Pratipada is Balava and the second Kaulava. Balava ended at 03:28, when the lead reached 186°; Kaulava runs until 14:05.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:43 to 06:43 Sat, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shukrawara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 15 Jun 12:52 Thu to 15 Jul 02:05 Sat the Sun stayed in Mithuna, entering Karka at 16 Jul 03:41 Sun, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Ashadha, before Ashadha itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 15 Jul, with the Sun in Mithuna, begins Ashadha (Adhik). Until then this Krishna paksha reads Ashadha (Adhik) here, and Ashadha (Adhik) in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 18 Mar 1950, 13:20 Sat. Since then the Sun has moved 100.6° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2007; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1872.