Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Thu 13 Apr 1950

The Sun enters Mesha at 14:12, between sunrise (07:21) and sunset (19:05): Thu 13 Apr. No text giving Mesha Sankranti’s time was found; sankranti is Tithika’s convention.

Mesha Sankranti: every date in Ipameri

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 312°–324° is the 27th, Krishna Dwadashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 07:21 here. Ekadashi ended at 22:20 Wed, before it. Dwadashi ends at 23:50, when the lead reaches 324°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 2 Apr, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Wed 12 Apr ran from sunset 19:05 Wed to sunrise 07:21, 12 h 16 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 49 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 07:21 to 19:05, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 28 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 19:05 to 07:21 Fri, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 32 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Shatabhisha spans 306°40′–320°00′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 313°20′. It leaves at 15:12, for Purva Bhadrapada.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 359.7° + 316° = 675.7°, one full turn and 315.7°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 306°40′–320°00′ is the 24th, Shukla. It ends at 15:07, then Brahma.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Dwadashi is Kaulava and the second Taitila. Kaulava runs until 11:02, when the lead reaches 318°; Taitila until 23:50.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 07:21 to 07:21 Fri, so the hours after midnight still belong to Guruwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Meena gives Chaitra. The Sun enters Mesha on 13 Apr, inside the month. The next new moon, 17 Apr, finds it in Mesha and begins Vaishakha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 17 Apr, with the Sun in Mesha, begins Vaishakha. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Vaishakha here, and Chaitra in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 18 Mar 1950, 13:20 Sat. Since then the Sun has moved 25.4° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2007; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1872.