Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Wed 19 Oct 1949

Dhanteras puja is done in pradosha, the 3 muhurtas after sunset. Trayodashi runs from 05:03 on Wed 19 Oct to 01:43 on Thu 20 Oct, so only Wednesday’s pradosha (18:14–20:31) falls within it. No text giving Dhanteras’s time was found; pradosha is Tithika’s convention.

Dhanteras puja muhurat: pradosha, 18:14–20:31. Within it Vrishabha, a fixed (sthira) lagna, rises in the east from 20:08 to 20:31.

Dhanteras: every date in Ipameri

Shiva’s Pradosh puja is done in pradosha, the 3 muhurtas after sunset. Trayodashi runs from 05:03 on Wed 19 Oct to 01:43 on Thu 20 Oct, so only Wednesday’s pradosha (18:14–20:31) falls within it. No text giving Pradosh Vrat’s time was found; pradosha is Tithika’s convention.

Pradosh Vrat: every date in Ipameri

Shiva’s worship centres on nishitha, the midnight muhurta. Chaturdashi runs from 01:43 on Thu 20 Oct to 22:07 on Thu 20 Oct, between the two nights’ nishitha, touching neither. The Nirnayasindhu then takes the earlier day: Wed 19 Oct. No text giving Masik Shivratri’s time was found; nishitha is Tithika’s convention.

Masik Shivratri: every date in Ipameri

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 324°–336° is the 28th, Krishna Trayodashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:41 here. Dwadashi ended at 05:03, before it. Trayodashi ends at 01:43 Thu, when the lead reaches 336°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 6 Oct, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 06:24, came before Dwadashi ended at 13:33: this day reads Dwadashi.

Ipameri · UTC−3

Sunrise here, 05:41, came after Dwadashi ended at 05:03: this day reads Trayodashi.

The night of Tue 18 Oct ran from sunset 18:14 Tue to sunrise 05:41, 11 h 27 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 45 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:41 to 18:14, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 34 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:14 to 05:40 Thu, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 25 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Uttara Phalguni spans 146°40′–160°00′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 146°40′. It leaves at 02:50 Thu, for Hasta.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 182.5° + 146.8° = 329.3°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 320°00′–333°20′ is the 25th, Brahma. It ends at 11:46, then Indra.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Trayodashi is Garaja and the second Vanija. Garaja runs until 15:26, when the lead reaches 330°; Vanija until 01:43 Thu.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:41 to 05:40 Thu, so the hours after midnight still belong to Budhawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Kanya gives Ashwina. The Sun enters Tula on 16 Oct, inside the month. The next new moon, 21 Oct, finds it in Tula and begins Kartika.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 21 Oct, with the Sun in Tula, begins Kartika. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Kartika here, and Ashwina in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 29 Mar 1949, 12:10 Tue. Since then the Sun has moved 197° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2006; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1871.