Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Mon 21 Mar 1949

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 264°–276° is the 23rd, Krishna Ashtami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:16 here. Saptami ended at 22:14 Sun, before it. Ashtami ends at 22:16, when the lead reaches 276°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 14 Mar, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 06:24, came before Saptami ended at 06:44: this day reads Saptami.

Ipameri · UTC−3

Sunrise here, 06:16, came after Saptami ended at 22:14 Sun: this day reads Ashtami.

The night of Sun 20 Mar ran from sunset 18:23 Sun to sunrise 06:16, 11 h 53 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 47 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:16 to 18:23, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 30 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:23 to 06:17 Tue, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 29 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Mula spans 240°00′–253°20′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 243°20′. It leaves at 21:07, for Purva Ashadha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 337.3° + 245.3° = 582.6°, one full turn and 222.6°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 213°20′–226°40′ is the 17th, Vyatipata. It ends at 13:13, then Variyana.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Ashtami is Balava and the second Kaulava. Balava runs until 10:10, when the lead reaches 270°; Kaulava until 22:16.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:16 to 06:17 Tue, so the hours after midnight still belong to Somawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Kumbha gives Phalguna. The Sun enters Meena on 13 Mar, inside the month. The next new moon, 29 Mar, finds it in Meena and begins Chaitra.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 29 Mar, with the Sun in Meena, begins Chaitra. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Chaitra here, and Phalguna in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 9 Apr 1948, 10:16 Fri. Since then the Sun has moved 340.8° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2005; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1870.