Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Tue 18 Jan 1949

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 216°–228° is the 19th, Krishna Chaturthi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:51 here. Tritiya ended at 09:54 Mon, before it. Chaturthi ends at 06:56, when the lead reaches 228°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 14 Jan, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Panchami began at 06:56 and ended at 04:13 Wed, between the sunrises of 05:51 and 05:52 Wed. Tuesday reads Chaturthi and Wednesday reads Shashthi: Panchami is a kshaya tithi here.

The night of Mon 17 Jan ran from sunset 18:54 Mon to sunrise 05:51, 10 h 57 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 43 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:51 to 18:54, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 37 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:54 to 05:52 Wed, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 22 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Purva Phalguni spans 133°20′–146°40′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 140°. It leaves at 13:11, for Uttara Phalguni.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 274.8° + 142.2° = 417°, one full turn and 57°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 53°20′–66°40′ is the 5th, Shobhana. It ends at 20:42, then Atiganda.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Chaturthi is Bava and the second Balava. Bava ended at 20:23 Mon, when the lead reached 222°; Balava runs until 06:56.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:51 to 05:52 Wed, so the hours after midnight still belong to Mangalawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Dhanu gives Pausha. The Sun enters Makara on 13 Jan, inside the month. The next new moon, 28 Jan, finds it in Makara and begins Magha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 28 Jan, with the Sun in Makara, begins Magha. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Magha here, and Pausha in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 9 Apr 1948, 10:16 Fri. Since then the Sun has moved 278.3° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2005; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1870.