Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Sun 14 Nov 1948

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 144°–156° is the 13th, Shukla Trayodashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:29 here. Dwadashi ended at 12:25 Sat, before it. Trayodashi ends at 14:00, when the lead reaches 156°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 1 Nov, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

The night of Sat 13 Nov ran from sunset 18:24 Sat to sunrise 05:29, 11 h 5 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 44 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:29 to 18:25, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 37 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:25 to 05:29 Mon, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 23 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Ashwini spans 0°00′–13°20′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 0°. It leaves at 05:50 Mon, for Bharani.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 208.7° + 0.7° = 209.4°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 200°00′–213°20′ is the 16th, Siddhi. It ends at 12:25, then Vyatipata.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Trayodashi is Kaulava and the second Taitila. Kaulava ended at 01:16, when the lead reached 150°; Taitila runs until 14:00.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:29 to 05:29 Mon, so the hours after midnight still belong to Raviwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Tula gives Kartika. The Sun enters Vrishchika on 15 Nov, inside the month. The next new moon, 30 Nov, finds it in Vrishchika and begins Margashirsha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 1 Nov, with the Sun in Tula, began Kartika. This Shukla paksha reads Kartika in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 9 Apr 1948, 10:16 Fri. Since then the Sun has moved 212.2° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2005; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1870.