Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Thu 12 Apr 1945

Ghatasthapana is done in pratahkala, the first fifth of the day. Pratipada runs from 09:29 on Thu 12 Apr to 05:35 on Fri 13 Apr, between the two mornings’ pratahkala, touching neither. The Nirnayasindhu then takes the earlier day: Thu 12 Apr. No text giving Chaitra Navratri · Ghatasthapana’s time was found; pratahkala is Tithika’s convention.

Chaitra Navratri: every date in Ipameri

Amavasya follows the tithi at sunrise. Amavasya runs from 13:25 on Wed 11 Apr to 09:29 on Thu 12 Apr, so it holds sunrise only on Thu 12 Apr, at 06:21. No text giving Amavasya’s time was found; sunrise is Tithika’s convention.

Amavasya: every date in Ipameri

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 348°–360° is the 30th, Krishna Amavasya. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:21 here. Chaturdashi ended at 13:25 Wed, before it. Amavasya ends at 09:29, when the lead reaches 360°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 28 Mar, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Pratipada began at 09:29 and ended at 05:35 Fri, between the sunrises of 06:21 and 06:21 Fri. Thursday reads Amavasya and Friday reads Dwitiya: Pratipada is a kshaya tithi here.

The night of Wed 11 Apr ran from sunset 18:06 Wed to sunrise 06:21, 12 h 15 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 49 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:21 to 18:05, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 28 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:05 to 06:21 Fri, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 32 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Revati spans 346°40′–360°00′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 356°40′. It leaves at 10:50, for Ashwini.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 359° + 357.1° = 716.1°, one full turn and 356.1°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 346°40′–360°00′ is the 27th, Vaidhriti. It ends at 12:00, then Vishkambha.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Amavasya is Chatushpada and the second Nagava. Chatushpada ended at 23:28 Wed, when the lead reached 354°; Nagava runs until 09:29.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:21 to 06:21 Fri, so the hours after midnight still belong to Guruwara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 14 Mar 00:50 Wed to 12 Apr 09:29 the Sun stayed in Meena, entering Mesha at 13 Apr 06:29 Fri, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Chaitra, before Chaitra itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 12 Apr, with the Sun in Meena, begins Chaitra (Adhik). Until then this Krishna paksha reads Chaitra (Adhik) here, and Chaitra (Adhik) in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 14 Mar 1945, 00:50 Wed. Since then the Sun has moved 28.9° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2002; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1867.