Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Sat 22 May 1943

The Sankashti fast is broken at moonrise. Chaturthi runs from 09:43 on Sat 22 May to 06:50 on Sun 23 May, so it holds moonrise only on Sat 22 May, at 20:44. No text giving Sankashti Chaturthi’s time was found; moonrise is Tithika’s convention.

Sankashti Chaturthi: every date in Ipameri

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 204°–216° is the 18th, Krishna Tritiya. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:32 here. Dwitiya ended at 12:40 Fri, before it. Tritiya ends at 09:43, when the lead reaches 216°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 19 May, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Fri 21 May ran from sunset 17:46 Fri to sunrise 06:32, 12 h 46 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 51 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:32 to 17:45, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 24 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 17:45 to 06:32 Sun, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 35 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Mula spans 240°00′–253°20′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 250°. It leaves at 09:28, for Purva Ashadha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 37.4° + 251.5° = 288.9°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 280°00′–293°20′ is the 22nd, Sadhya. It ends at 13:21, then Shubha.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Tritiya is Vanija and the second Vishti. Vanija ended at 23:12 Fri, when the lead reached 210°; Vishti runs until 09:43.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:32 to 06:32 Sun, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shaniwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Mesha gives Vaishakha. The Sun enters Vrishabha on 14 May, inside the month. The next new moon, 2 Jun, finds it in Vrishabha and begins Jyeshtha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 2 Jun, with the Sun in Vrishabha, begins Jyeshtha. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Jyeshtha here, and Vaishakha in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 4 Apr 1943, 18:52 Sun. Since then the Sun has moved 46.2° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2000; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1865.