Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Wed 21 Apr 1943

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 180°–192° is the 16th, Krishna Pratipada. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:23 here. Purnima ended at 08:10 Tue, before it. Pratipada ends at 06:45, when the lead reaches 192°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 20 Apr, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Dwitiya began at 06:45 and ended at 04:56 Thu, between the sunrises of 06:23 and 06:23 Thu. Wednesday reads Pratipada and Thursday reads Tritiya: Dwitiya is a kshaya tithi here.

The night of Tue 20 Apr ran from sunset 18:00 Tue to sunrise 06:23, 12 h 23 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 49 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:23 to 17:59, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 27 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 17:59 to 06:23 Thu, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 33 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Swati spans 186°40′–200°00′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 196°40′. It leaves at 07:52, for Vishakha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 7.3° + 199.1° = 206.4°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 200°00′–213°20′ is the 16th, Siddhi. It ends at 17:26, then Vyatipata.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Pratipada is Balava and the second Kaulava. Balava ended at 19:31 Tue, when the lead reached 186°; Kaulava runs until 06:45.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:23 to 06:23 Thu, so the hours after midnight still belong to Budhawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Meena gives Chaitra. The Sun enters Mesha on 13 Apr, inside the month. The next new moon, 4 May, finds it in Mesha and begins Vaishakha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 4 May, with the Sun in Mesha, begins Vaishakha. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Vaishakha here, and Chaitra in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 4 Apr 1943, 18:52 Sun. Since then the Sun has moved 16.1° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2000; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1865.