Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Sun 23 Jul 1939

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 84°–96° is the 8th, Shukla Ashtami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:42 here. Saptami ended at 21:07 Sat, before it. Ashtami ends at 20:09, when the lead reaches 96°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 16 Jul, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 05:36, came before Saptami ended at 05:37: this day reads Saptami. Ashtami ends at 04:39 Mon, before the next sunrise, so no day here reads Ashtami: it is kshaya.

Ipameri · UTC−3

Sunrise here, 06:42, came after Saptami ended at 21:07 Sat: this day reads Ashtami.

The night of Sat 22 Jul ran from sunset 17:55 Sat to sunrise 06:42, 12 h 47 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 51 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:42 to 17:56, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 24 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 17:56 to 06:42 Mon, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 35 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Chitra spans 173°20′–186°40′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 183°20′. It leaves at 08:29, for Swati.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 96.6° + 185.7° = 282.3°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 280°00′–293°20′ is the 22nd, Sadhya. It ends at 01:14 Mon, then Shubha.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Ashtami is Vishti and the second Bava. Vishti runs until 08:33, when the lead reaches 90°; Bava until 20:09.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:42 to 06:42 Mon, so the hours after midnight still belong to Raviwara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 16 Jul 18:02 Sun to 15 Aug 00:53 Tue the Sun stayed in Karka, entering Simha at 16 Aug 16:26 Wed, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Shravana, before Shravana itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 16 Jul, with the Sun in Karka, began Shravana (Adhik). This Shukla paksha reads Shravana (Adhik) in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 20 Mar 1939, 22:49 Mon. Since then the Sun has moved 120.1° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 1996; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1861.