Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Sat 7 Aug 1937

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 0°–12° is the 1st, Shukla Pratipada. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:36 here. Amavasya ended at 09:36 Fri, before it. Pratipada ends at 07:47, when the lead reaches 12°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 6 Aug, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Dwitiya began at 07:47 and ended at 06:29 Sun, between the sunrises of 06:36 and 06:36 Sun. Saturday reads Pratipada and Sunday reads Tritiya: Dwitiya is a kshaya tithi here.

The night of Fri 6 Aug ran from sunset 18:00 Fri to sunrise 06:36, 12 h 36 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 50 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:36 to 18:00, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 25 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:00 to 06:36 Sun, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 34 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Magha spans 120°00′–133°20′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 120°. It leaves at 01:01 Sun, for Purva Phalguni.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 111.5° + 122.8° = 234.3°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 226°40′–240°00′ is the 18th, Variyana. It ends at 15:55, then Parigha.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Pratipada is Kinstughna and the second Bava. Kinstughna ended at 20:38 Fri, when the lead reached 6°; Bava runs until 07:47.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:36 to 06:36 Sun, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shaniwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Karka gives Shravana. The Sun enters Simha on 16 Aug, inside the month. The next new moon, 4 Sep, finds it in Simha and begins Bhadrapada.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 6 Aug, with the Sun in Karka, began Shravana. This Shukla paksha reads Shravana in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 11 Apr 1937, 02:09 Sun. Since then the Sun has moved 113.6° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 1994; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1859.