Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Sun 17 Mar 1935

Shiva’s Pradosh puja is done in pradosha, the 3 muhurtas after sunset. Trayodashi runs from 19:18 on Sat 16 Mar to 21:56 on Sun 17 Mar, touching pradosha on both evenings. The Nirnayasindhu takes the evening it holds more of: Sun 17 Mar. No text giving Pradosh Vrat’s time was found; pradosha is Tithika’s convention.

Pradosh Vrat: every date in Ipameri

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 144°–156° is the 13th, Shukla Trayodashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:15 here. Dwadashi ended at 19:18 Sat, before it. Trayodashi ends at 21:56, when the lead reaches 156°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 4 Mar, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

The night of Sat 16 Mar ran from sunset 18:27 Sat to sunrise 06:15, 11 h 48 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 47 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:15 to 18:26, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 31 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:26 to 06:16 Mon, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 28 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Magha spans 120°00′–133°20′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 120°. It leaves at 05:36 Mon, for Purva Phalguni.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 332.9° + 121.8° = 454.7°, one full turn and 94.7°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 93°20′–106°40′ is the 8th, Dhriti. It ends at 04:36 Mon, then Shula.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Trayodashi is Kaulava and the second Taitila. Kaulava runs until 08:38, when the lead reaches 150°; Taitila until 21:56.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:15 to 06:16 Mon, so the hours after midnight still belong to Raviwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Kumbha gives Phalguna. The Sun enters Meena on 14 Mar, inside the month. The next new moon, 3 Apr, finds it in Meena and begins Chaitra.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 4 Mar, with the Sun in Kumbha, began Phalguna. This Shukla paksha reads Phalguna in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 15 Mar 1934, 09:08 Thu. Since then the Sun has moved 361.6° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 1991; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1856.