Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Fri 17 Oct 1924

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 228°–240° is the 20th, Krishna Panchami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:42 here. Chaturthi ended at 23:14 Thu, before it. Panchami ends at 01:41 Sat, when the lead reaches 240°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 12 Oct, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 06:22, came before Chaturthi ended at 07:44: this day reads Chaturthi.

Ipameri · UTC−3

Sunrise here, 05:42, came after Chaturthi ended at 23:14 Thu: this day reads Panchami.

The night of Thu 16 Oct ran from sunset 18:13 Thu to sunrise 05:42, 11 h 29 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 45 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:42 to 18:13, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 33 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:13 to 05:42 Sat, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 26 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Rohini spans 40°00′–53°20′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 50°. It leaves at 08:43, for Mrigashira.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 180.9° + 51.8° = 232.7°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 226°40′–240°00′ is the 18th, Variyana. It ends at 19:15, then Parigha.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Panchami is Kaulava and the second Taitila. Kaulava runs until 12:26, when the lead reaches 234°; Taitila until 01:41 Sat.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:42 to 05:42 Sat, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shukrawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Kanya gives Ashwina. The Sun enters Tula on 16 Oct, inside the month. The next new moon, 28 Oct, finds it in Tula and begins Kartika.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 28 Oct, with the Sun in Tula, begins Kartika. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Kartika here, and Ashwina in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 4 Apr 1924, 04:17 Fri. Since then the Sun has moved 189.4° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 1981; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1846.