Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Wed 18 Apr 1923

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 12°–24° is the 2nd, Shukla Dwitiya. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:22 here. Pratipada ended at 05:59 Tue, before it. Dwitiya ends at 08:21, when the lead reaches 24°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 16 Apr, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Dwitiya began at 05:59 Tue, before sunrise at 06:22 Tue, and ends at 08:21, after the next sunrise at 06:22. Both days read Dwitiya: it is a vriddhi tithi here.

The night of Tue 17 Apr ran from sunset 18:02 Tue to sunrise 06:22, 12 h 20 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 49 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:22 to 18:02, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 27 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:02 to 06:22 Thu, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 32 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Krittika spans 26°40′–40°00′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 26°40′. It leaves at 07:05 Thu, for Rohini.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 4.5° + 27.6° = 32.1°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 26°40′–40°00′ is the 3rd, Ayushmana. It ends at 20:51, then Saubhagya.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Dwitiya is Balava and the second Kaulava. Balava ended at 19:12 Tue, when the lead reached 18°; Kaulava runs until 08:21.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:22 to 06:22 Thu, so the hours after midnight still belong to Budhawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Mesha gives Vaishakha. The Sun enters Vrishabha on 14 May, inside the month. The next new moon, 15 May, finds it in Vrishabha and begins Jyeshtha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 16 Apr, with the Sun in Mesha, began Vaishakha. This Shukla paksha reads Vaishakha in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 17 Mar 1923, 09:51 Sat. Since then the Sun has moved 31.4° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 1980; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1845.