Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Thu 12 Nov 1908

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 228°–240° is the 20th, Krishna Panchami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:30 here. Chaturthi ended at 02:18, before it. Panchami ends at 03:26 Fri, when the lead reaches 240°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 8 Nov, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 06:41, came before Chaturthi ended at 10:48: this day reads Chaturthi.

Ipameri · UTC−3

Sunrise here, 05:30, came after Chaturthi ended at 02:18: this day reads Panchami.

The night of Wed 11 Nov ran from sunset 18:23 Wed to sunrise 05:30, 11 h 6 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 44 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:30 to 18:24, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 36 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:24 to 05:29 Fri, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 23 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Ardra spans 66°40′–80°00′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 73°20′. It leaves at 12:07, for Punarvasu.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 207° + 76.5° = 283.5°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 280°00′–293°20′ is the 22nd, Sadhya. It ends at 22:57, then Shubha.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Panchami is Kaulava and the second Taitila. Kaulava runs until 14:47, when the lead reaches 234°; Taitila until 03:26 Fri.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:30 to 05:29 Fri, so the hours after midnight still belong to Guruwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Tula gives Kartika. The Sun enters Vrishchika on 15 Nov, inside the month. The next new moon, 23 Nov, finds it in Vrishchika and begins Margashirsha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 23 Nov, with the Sun in Vrishchika, begins Margashirsha. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Margashirsha here, and Kartika in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 1 Apr 1908, 02:02 Wed. Since then the Sun has moved 218.5° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 1965; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1830.