Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Wed 13 May 1908

Shiva’s Pradosh puja is done in pradosha, the 3 muhurtas after sunset. Trayodashi runs from 03:25 on Wed 13 May to 03:20 on Thu 14 May, so only Wednesday’s pradosha (17:41–20:14) falls within it. No text giving Pradosh Vrat’s time was found; pradosha is Tithika’s convention.

Pradosh Vrat: every date in Ipameri

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 144°–156° is the 13th, Shukla Trayodashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:29 here. Dwadashi ended at 03:31, before it. Trayodashi ends at 03:27 Thu, when the lead reaches 156°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 30 Apr, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 05:31, came before Dwadashi ended at 12:01: this day reads Dwadashi.

Ipameri · UTC−3

Sunrise here, 06:29, came after Dwadashi ended at 03:31: this day reads Trayodashi.

The night of Tue 12 May ran from sunset 17:48 Tue to sunrise 06:29, 12 h 41 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 50 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:29 to 17:48, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 24 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 17:48 to 06:29 Thu, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 35 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Chitra spans 173°20′–186°40′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 173°20′. It leaves at 03:48 Thu, for Swati.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 29.6° + 175.1° = 204.7°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 200°00′–213°20′ is the 16th, Siddhi. It ends at 21:18, then Vyatipata.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Trayodashi is Kaulava and the second Taitila. Kaulava runs until 15:34, when the lead reaches 150°; Taitila until 03:27 Thu.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:29 to 06:29 Thu, so the hours after midnight still belong to Budhawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Mesha gives Vaishakha. The Sun enters Vrishabha on 13 May, inside the month. The next new moon, 30 May, finds it in Vrishabha and begins Jyeshtha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 30 Apr, with the Sun in Mesha, began Vaishakha. This Shukla paksha reads Vaishakha in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 1 Apr 1908, 02:02 Wed. Since then the Sun has moved 41.1° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 1965; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1830.