Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Mon 17 Sep 1906

The shraddha for all ancestors is done in aparahna, the fourth fifth of the day. Amavasya runs from 11:03 on Mon 17 Sep to 09:26 on Tue 18 Sep, so only Monday’s aparahna (13:13–15:37) falls within it. No text giving Sarva Pitru Amavasya’s time was found; aparahna is Tithika’s convention.

Sarva Pitru Amavasya: every date in Ipameri

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 336°–348° is the 29th, Krishna Chaturdashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:07 here. Trayodashi ended at 12:11 Sun, before it. Chaturdashi ends at 11:10, when the lead reaches 348°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 2 Sep, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Sun 16 Sep ran from sunset 18:07 Sun to sunrise 06:07, 11 h 59 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 47 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:07 to 18:07, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 30 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:07 to 06:06 Tue, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 29 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Purva Phalguni spans 133°20′–146°40′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 133°20′. It leaves at 00:09 Tue, for Uttara Phalguni.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 151° + 136.3° = 287.3°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 280°00′–293°20′ is the 22nd, Sadhya. It ends at 15:55, then Shubha.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Chaturdashi is Vishti and the second Shakuni. Vishti ended at 23:45 Sun, when the lead reached 342°; Shakuni runs until 11:10.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:07 to 06:06 Tue, so the hours after midnight still belong to Somawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Simha gives Bhadrapada. The Sun enters Kanya on 16 Sep, inside the month. The next new moon, 18 Sep, finds it in Kanya and begins Ashwina.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 18 Sep, with the Sun in Kanya, begins Ashwina. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Ashwina here, and Bhadrapada in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 24 Mar 1906, 20:51 Sat. Since then the Sun has moved 170.1° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 1963; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1828.