Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Fri 13 Jan 1905

The Sun enters Makara at 05:37, in the night after sunset (18:47 Thu). The Dharmasindhu then puts the punya kala on the next day: Fri 13 Jan.

Makar Sankranti: every date in Ipameri

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 84°–96° is the 8th, Shukla Ashtami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:48 here. Saptami ended at 03:55, before it. Ashtami ends at 06:19 Sat, when the lead reaches 96°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 5 Jan, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Ashtami began at 03:55, before sunrise at 05:48, and ends at 06:19 Sat, after the next sunrise at 05:49 Sat. Both days read Ashtami: it is a vriddhi tithi here.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 07:06, came before Saptami ended at 12:16: this day reads Saptami.

Ipameri · UTC−3

Sunrise here, 05:48, came after Saptami ended at 03:55: this day reads Ashtami.

The night of Thu 12 Jan ran from sunset 18:54 Thu to sunrise 05:48, 10 h 55 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 43 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:48 to 18:54, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 38 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:54 to 05:49 Sat, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 21 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Revati spans 346°40′–360°00′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 353°20′. It leaves at 16:12, for Ashwini.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 270° + 354.9° = 624.9°, one full turn and 264.9°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 253°20′–266°40′ is the 20th, Shiva. It ends at 09:10, then Siddha.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Ashtami is Vishti and the second Bava. Vishti runs until 17:10, when the lead reaches 90°; Bava until 06:19 Sat.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:48 to 05:49 Sat, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shukrawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Dhanu gives Pausha. The Sun enters Makara on 13 Jan, inside the month. The next new moon, 4 Feb, finds it in Makara and begins Magha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 5 Jan, with the Sun in Dhanu, began Pausha. This Shukla paksha reads Pausha in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 17 Mar 1904, 02:39 Thu. Since then the Sun has moved 296.3° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 1961; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1826.