Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Mon 12 Sep 1904

Ganesha’s puja is done at madhyahna, the middle fifth of the day. Chaturthi runs from 07:05 on Mon 12 Sep to 04:21 on Tue 13 Sep, so only Monday’s madhyahna (10:51–13:14) falls within it.

Ganesh Chaturthi: every date in Ipameri

Hartalika Teej’s puja is done in pratahkala, the first fifth of the day. Tritiya runs from 10:18 on Sun 11 Sep to 07:05 on Mon 12 Sep, so it touches only Monday’s pratahkala (06:04–08:27). No text giving Hartalika Teej’s time was found; pratahkala is Tithika’s convention.

Hartalika Teej: every date in Ipameri

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 24°–36° is the 3rd, Shukla Tritiya. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:11 here. Dwitiya ended at 10:25 Sun, before it. Tritiya ends at 07:12, when the lead reaches 36°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 9 Sep, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Chaturthi began at 07:12 and ended at 04:28 Tue, between the sunrises of 06:11 and 06:10 Tue. Monday reads Tritiya and Tuesday reads Panchami: Chaturthi is a kshaya tithi here.

The night of Sun 11 Sep ran from sunset 18:07 Sun to sunrise 06:11, 12 h 4 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 48 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:11 to 18:07, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 29 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:07 to 06:10 Tue, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 30 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Chitra spans 173°20′–186°40′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 180°. It leaves at 13:45, for Swati.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 146.6° + 182° = 328.6°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 320°00′–333°20′ is the 25th, Brahma. It ends at 13:19, then Indra.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Tritiya is Taitila and the second Garaja. Taitila ended at 20:45 Sun, when the lead reached 30°; Garaja runs until 07:12.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:11 to 06:10 Tue, so the hours after midnight still belong to Somawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Simha gives Bhadrapada. The Sun enters Kanya on 15 Sep, inside the month. The next new moon, 9 Oct, finds it in Kanya and begins Ashwina.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 9 Sep, with the Sun in Simha, began Bhadrapada. This Shukla paksha reads Bhadrapada in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 17 Mar 1904, 02:39 Thu. Since then the Sun has moved 172.9° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 1961; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1826.