Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Sat 4 Jan 1902

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 288°–300° is the 25th, Krishna Dashami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:42 here. Navami ended at 04:31 Fri, before it. Dashami ends at 07:15, when the lead reaches 300°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 25 Dec, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Dashami began at 04:31 Fri, before sunrise at 05:42 Fri, and ends at 07:15, after the next sunrise at 05:42. Both days read Dashami: it is a vriddhi tithi here.

The night of Fri 3 Jan ran from sunset 18:52 Fri to sunrise 05:42, 10 h 51 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 43 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:42 to 18:52, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 38 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:52 to 05:43 Sun, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 21 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Swati spans 186°40′–200°00′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 196°40′. It leaves at 05:55, for Vishakha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 260.6° + 199.9° = 460.5°, one full turn and 100.5°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 93°20′–106°40′ is the 8th, Dhriti. It ends at 17:18, then Shula.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Dashami is Vanija and the second Vishti. Vanija ended at 17:52 Fri, when the lead reached 294°; Vishti runs until 07:15.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:42 to 05:43 Sun, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shaniwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Vrishchika gives Margashirsha. The Sun enters Dhanu on 15 Dec, inside the month. The next new moon, 9 Jan, finds it in Dhanu and begins Pausha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 9 Jan, with the Sun in Dhanu, begins Pausha. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Pausha here, and Margashirsha in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 20 Mar 1901, 09:52 Wed. Since then the Sun has moved 283.8° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 1958; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1823.