Panchang in Diffa, Niger Tue 9 Sep 2031

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 264°–276° is the 23rd, Krishna Ashtami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:58 here. Saptami ended at 04:17 Mon, before it. Ashtami ends at 06:18, when the lead reaches 276°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 1 Sep, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Ashtami began at 04:17 Mon, before sunrise at 05:58 Mon, and ends at 06:18, after the next sunrise at 05:58. Both days read Ashtami: it is a vriddhi tithi here.

The night of Mon 8 Sep ran from sunset 18:15 Mon to sunrise 05:58, 11 h 43 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 46 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:58 to 18:15, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 32 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:15 to 05:58 Wed, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 27 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Mrigashira spans 53°20′–66°40′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 56°40′. It leaves at 23:40, for Ardra.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 142° + 57.9° = 199.9°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 186°40′–200°00′ is the 15th, Vajra. It ends at 06:07, then Siddhi.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Ashtami is Balava and the second Kaulava. Balava ended at 17:14 Mon, when the lead reached 270°; Kaulava runs until 06:18.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:58 to 05:58 Wed, so the hours after midnight still belong to Mangalawara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 18 Aug 05:32 Mon to 16 Sep 19:46 Tue the Sun stayed in Simha, entering Kanya at 17 Sep 10:19 Wed, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Bhadrapada, before Bhadrapada itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 16 Sep, with the Sun in Simha, begins Bhadrapada (Adhik). Until then this Krishna paksha reads Bhadrapada (Adhik) here, and Bhadrapada (Adhik) in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 23 Mar 2031, 04:49 Sun. Since then the Sun has moved 164° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2088; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1953.