Panchang in Diffa, Niger Tue 2 Sep 2031

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 180°–192° is the 16th, Krishna Pratipada. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:58 here. Purnima ended at 10:20 Mon, before it. Pratipada ends at 07:27, when the lead reaches 192°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 1 Sep, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Dwitiya began at 07:27 and ended at 05:03 Wed, between the sunrises of 05:58 and 05:58 Wed. Tuesday reads Pratipada and Wednesday reads Tritiya: Dwitiya is a kshaya tithi here.

The night of Mon 1 Sep ran from sunset 18:20 Mon to sunrise 05:58, 11 h 38 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 46 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:58 to 18:20, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 32 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:20 to 05:58 Wed, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 27 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Purva Bhadrapada spans 320°00′–333°20′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 323°20′. It leaves at 17:29, for Uttara Bhadrapada.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 135.3° + 326.4° = 461.7°, one full turn and 101.7°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 93°20′–106°40′ is the 8th, Dhriti. It ends at 13:45, then Shula.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Pratipada is Balava and the second Kaulava. Balava ended at 20:50 Mon, when the lead reached 186°; Kaulava runs until 07:27.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:58 to 05:58 Wed, so the hours after midnight still belong to Mangalawara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 18 Aug 05:32 Mon to 16 Sep 19:46 Tue the Sun stayed in Simha, entering Kanya at 17 Sep 10:19 Wed, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Bhadrapada, before Bhadrapada itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 16 Sep, with the Sun in Simha, begins Bhadrapada (Adhik). Until then this Krishna paksha reads Bhadrapada (Adhik) here, and Bhadrapada (Adhik) in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 23 Mar 2031, 04:49 Sun. Since then the Sun has moved 157.3° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2088; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1953.