Panchang in Diffa, Niger Tue 8 Jul 2031

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 216°–228° is the 19th, Krishna Chaturthi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:48 here. Tritiya ended at 08:51 Mon, before it. Chaturthi ends at 05:50, when the lead reaches 228°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 4 Jul, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Panchami began at 05:50 and ended at 03:27 Wed, between the sunrises of 05:48 and 05:48 Wed. Tuesday reads Chaturthi and Wednesday reads Shashthi: Panchami is a kshaya tithi here.

The night of Mon 7 Jul ran from sunset 18:40 Mon to sunrise 05:48, 11 h 8 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 44 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:48 to 18:40, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 36 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:40 to 05:48 Wed, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 23 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Shatabhisha spans 306°40′–320°00′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 306°40′. It leaves at 23:19, for Purva Bhadrapada.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 81.6° + 309.6° = 391.2°, one full turn and 31.2°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 26°40′–40°00′ is the 3rd, Ayushmana. It ends at 19:43, then Saubhagya.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Chaturthi is Bava and the second Balava. Bava ended at 19:16 Mon, when the lead reached 222°; Balava runs until 05:50.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:48 to 05:48 Wed, so the hours after midnight still belong to Mangalawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Mithuna gives Ashadha. The Sun enters Karka on 17 Jul, inside the month. The next new moon, 19 Jul, finds it in Karka and begins Shravana.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 19 Jul, with the Sun in Karka, begins Shravana. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Shravana here, and Ashadha in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 23 Mar 2031, 04:49 Sun. Since then the Sun has moved 103.6° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2088; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1953.