Panchang in Diffa, Niger Wed 5 Mar 2031

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 132°–144° is the 12th, Shukla Dwadashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:23 here. Ekadashi ended at 01:50, before it. Dwadashi ends at 03:36 Thu, when the lead reaches 144°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 21 Feb, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

The night of Tue 4 Mar ran from sunset 18:18 Tue to sunrise 06:23, 12 h 5 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 48 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:23 to 18:18, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 29 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:18 to 06:22 Thu, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 30 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Pushya spans 93°20′–106°40′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 93°20′. It leaves at 06:48 Thu, for Ashlesha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 320.1° + 94.2° = 414.3°, one full turn and 54.3°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 53°20′–66°40′ is the 5th, Shobhana. It ends at 04:42 Thu, then Atiganda.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Dwadashi is Bava and the second Balava. Bava runs until 14:47, when the lead reaches 138°; Balava until 03:36 Thu.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:23 to 06:22 Thu, so the hours after midnight still belong to Budhawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Kumbha gives Phalguna. The Sun enters Meena on 15 Mar, inside the month. The next new moon, 23 Mar, finds it in Meena and begins Chaitra.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 21 Feb, with the Sun in Kumbha, began Phalguna. This Shukla paksha reads Phalguna in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 2 Apr 2030, 23:02 Tue. Since then the Sun has moved 331.2° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2087; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1952.