Panchang in Diffa, Niger Sun 10 Feb 2030

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 84°–96° is the 8th, Shukla Ashtami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:34 here. Saptami ended at 23:29 Sat, before it. Ashtami ends at 02:09 Mon, when the lead reaches 96°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 2 Feb, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

The night of Sat 9 Feb ran from sunset 18:13 Sat to sunrise 06:34, 12 h 21 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 49 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:34 to 18:13, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 27 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:13 to 06:33 Mon, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 32 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Bharani spans 13°20′–26°40′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 23°20′. It leaves at 11:07, for Krittika.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 297.2° + 24.4° = 321.6°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 320°00′–333°20′ is the 25th, Brahma. It ends at 04:24 Mon, then Indra.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Ashtami is Vishti and the second Bava. Vishti runs until 12:49, when the lead reaches 90°; Bava until 02:09 Mon.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:34 to 06:33 Mon, so the hours after midnight still belong to Raviwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Makara gives Magha. The Sun enters Kumbha on 13 Feb, inside the month. The next new moon, 4 Mar, finds it in Kumbha and begins Phalguna.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 2 Feb, with the Sun in Makara, began Magha. This Shukla paksha reads Magha in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 15 Mar 2029, 05:19 Thu. Since then the Sun has moved 326.6° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2086; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1951.