Panchang in Diffa, Niger Sat 15 Jan 2028

The Sun enters Makara at 22:53 Fri, in the night after sunset (18:01 Fri). The Dharmasindhu then puts the punya kala on the next day: Sat 15 Jan.

Makar Sankranti: every date in Diffa

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 216°–228° is the 19th, Krishna Chaturthi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:36 here. Tritiya ended at 18:47 Fri, before it. Chaturthi ends at 15:40, when the lead reaches 228°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 12 Jan, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Fri 14 Jan ran from sunset 18:01 Fri to sunrise 06:36, 12 h 35 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 50 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:36 to 18:01, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 25 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:01 to 06:36 Sun, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 34 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Magha spans 120°00′–133°20′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 130°. It leaves at 06:55, for Purva Phalguni.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 270.3° + 133.1° = 403.4°, one full turn and 43.4°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 40°00′–53°20′ is the 4th, Saubhagya. It ends at 21:40, then Shobhana.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Chaturthi is Bava and the second Balava. Bava ended at 05:11, when the lead reached 222°; Balava runs until 15:40.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:36 to 06:36 Sun, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shaniwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Dhanu gives Pausha. The Sun enters Makara on 14 Jan, inside the month. The next new moon, 26 Jan, finds it in Makara and begins Magha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 26 Jan, with the Sun in Makara, begins Magha. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Magha here, and Pausha in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 7 Apr 2027, 00:51 Wed. Since then the Sun has moved 277.6° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2084; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1949.