Panchang in Diffa, Niger Mon 4 Aug 2025

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 108°–120° is the 10th, Shukla Dashami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:55 here. Navami ended at 05:12 Sun, before it. Dashami ends at 07:12, when the lead reaches 120°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 24 Jul, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Dashami began at 05:12 Sun, before sunrise at 05:55 Sun, and ends at 07:12, after the next sunrise at 05:55. Both days read Dashami: it is a vriddhi tithi here.

The night of Sun 3 Aug ran from sunset 18:36 Sun to sunrise 05:55, 11 h 19 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 45 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:55 to 18:35, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 35 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:35 to 05:55 Tue, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 25 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Jyeshtha spans 226°40′–240°00′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 226°40′. It leaves at 06:53 Tue, for Mula.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 107.9° + 227.3° = 335.2°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 333°20′–346°40′ is the 26th, Indra. It ends at 02:54 Tue, then Vaidhriti.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Dashami is Taitila and the second Garaja. Taitila ended at 18:15 Sun, when the lead reached 114°; Garaja runs until 07:12.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:55 to 05:55 Tue, so the hours after midnight still belong to Somawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Karka gives Shravana. The Sun enters Simha on 16 Aug, inside the month. The next new moon, 23 Aug, finds it in Simha and begins Bhadrapada.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 24 Jul, with the Sun in Karka, began Shravana. This Shukla paksha reads Shravana in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 29 Mar 2025, 11:57 Sat. Since then the Sun has moved 123.1° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2082; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1947.