Panchang in Diffa, Niger Tue 23 Jul 2024

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 192°–204° is the 17th, Krishna Dwitiya. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:52 here. Pratipada ended at 08:42 Mon, before it. Dwitiya ends at 05:53, when the lead reaches 204°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 21 Jul, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Tritiya began at 05:53 and ended at 03:00 Wed, between the sunrises of 05:52 and 05:53 Wed. Tuesday reads Dwitiya and Wednesday reads Chaturthi: Tritiya is a kshaya tithi here.

The night of Mon 22 Jul ran from sunset 18:39 Mon to sunrise 05:52, 11 h 13 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 44 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:52 to 18:39, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 35 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:39 to 05:53 Wed, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 24 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Dhanishtha spans 293°20′–306°40′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 300°. It leaves at 15:48, for Shatabhisha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 96.6° + 300.6° = 397.2°, one full turn and 37.2°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 26°40′–40°00′ is the 3rd, Ayushmana. It ends at 10:05, then Saubhagya.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Dwitiya is Taitila and the second Garaja. Taitila ended at 19:19 Mon, when the lead reached 198°; Garaja runs until 05:53.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:52 to 05:53 Wed, so the hours after midnight still belong to Mangalawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Mithuna gives Ashadha. The Sun enters Karka on 16 Jul, inside the month. The next new moon, 4 Aug, finds it in Karka and begins Shravana.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 4 Aug, with the Sun in Karka, begins Shravana. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Shravana here, and Ashadha in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 8 Apr 2024, 19:20 Mon. Since then the Sun has moved 101.4° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2081; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1946.