Panchang in Diffa, Niger Mon 14 Aug 2023

Shiva’s worship centres on nishitha, the midnight muhurta. Chaturdashi runs from 05:55 on Mon 14 Aug to 08:13 on Tue 15 Aug, so only Monday night’s nishitha (23:51–00:37 Tue) falls within it. No text giving Masik Shivratri’s time was found; nishitha is Tithika’s convention.

Masik Shivratri: every date in Diffa

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 336°–348° is the 29th, Krishna Chaturdashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:56 here. Trayodashi ended at 05:55, before it. Chaturdashi ends at 08:13 Tue, when the lead reaches 348°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 1 Aug, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Chaturdashi began at 05:55, before sunrise at 05:56, and ends at 08:13 Tue, after the next sunrise at 05:57 Tue. Both days read Chaturdashi: it is a vriddhi tithi here.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 05:49, came before Trayodashi ended at 10:25: this day reads Trayodashi.

Diffa · UTC+1

Sunrise here, 05:56, came after Trayodashi ended at 05:55: this day reads Chaturdashi.

The night of Sun 13 Aug ran from sunset 18:32 Sun to sunrise 05:56, 11 h 24 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 45 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:56 to 18:31, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 34 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:31 to 05:57 Tue, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 25 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Punarvasu spans 80°00′–93°20′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 90°. It leaves at 06:36, for Pushya.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 117° + 93° = 210°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 200°00′–213°20′ is the 16th, Siddhi. It ends at 12:09, then Vyatipata.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Chaturdashi is Vishti and the second Shakuni. Vishti runs until 19:03, when the lead reaches 342°; Shakuni until 08:13 Tue.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:56 to 05:57 Tue, so the hours after midnight still belong to Somawara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 17 Jul 19:31 Mon to 16 Aug 10:38 Wed the Sun stayed in Karka, entering Simha at 17 Aug 09:02 Thu, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Shravana, before Shravana itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 16 Aug, with the Sun in Karka, begins Shravana (Adhik). Until then this Krishna paksha reads Shravana (Adhik) here, and Shravana (Adhik) in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 21 Mar 2023, 18:23 Tue. Since then the Sun has moved 140.4° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2080; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1945.