Panchang in Diffa, Niger Fri 4 Aug 2023

The Sankashti fast is broken at moonrise. Chaturthi runs from 08:15 on Fri 4 Aug to 05:10 on Sat 5 Aug, so it holds moonrise only on Fri 4 Aug, at 21:10. No text giving Sankashti Chaturthi’s time was found; moonrise is Tithika’s convention.

Sankashti Chaturthi: every date in Diffa

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 204°–216° is the 18th, Krishna Tritiya. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:55 here. Dwitiya ended at 11:47 Thu, before it. Tritiya ends at 08:15, when the lead reaches 216°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 1 Aug, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Chaturthi began at 08:15 and ended at 05:10 Sat, between the sunrises of 05:55 and 05:55 Sat. Friday reads Tritiya and Saturday reads Panchami: Chaturthi is a kshaya tithi here.

The night of Thu 3 Aug ran from sunset 18:36 Thu to sunrise 05:55, 11 h 19 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 45 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:55 to 18:36, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 35 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:36 to 05:55 Sat, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 24 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Purva Bhadrapada spans 320°00′–333°20′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 320°. It leaves at 00:14 Sat, for Uttara Bhadrapada.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 107.4° + 322° = 429.4°, one full turn and 69.4°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 66°40′–80°00′ is the 6th, Atiganda. It ends at 21:58, then Sukarma.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Tritiya is Vanija and the second Vishti. Vanija ended at 21:58 Thu, when the lead reached 210°; Vishti runs until 08:15.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:55 to 05:55 Sat, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shukrawara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 17 Jul 19:31 Mon to 16 Aug 10:38 Wed the Sun stayed in Karka, entering Simha at 17 Aug 09:02 Thu, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Shravana, before Shravana itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 16 Aug, with the Sun in Karka, begins Shravana (Adhik). Until then this Krishna paksha reads Shravana (Adhik) here, and Shravana (Adhik) in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 21 Mar 2023, 18:23 Tue. Since then the Sun has moved 130.8° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2080; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1945.