Panchang in Diffa, Niger Sat 8 Jan 2022

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 72°–84° is the 7th, Shukla Saptami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:34 here. Shashthi ended at 06:13, before it. Saptami ends at 06:39 Sun, when the lead reaches 84°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 2 Jan, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Saptami began at 06:13, before sunrise at 06:34, and ends at 06:39 Sun, after the next sunrise at 06:34 Sun. Both days read Saptami: it is a vriddhi tithi here.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 07:15, came before Shashthi ended at 10:43: this day reads Shashthi.

Diffa · UTC+1

Sunrise here, 06:34, came after Shashthi ended at 06:13: this day reads Saptami.

The night of Fri 7 Jan ran from sunset 17:57 Fri to sunrise 06:34, 12 h 37 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 50 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:34 to 17:57, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 25 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 17:57 to 06:34 Sun, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 34 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Uttara Bhadrapada spans 333°20′–346°40′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 333°20′. It leaves at 02:40 Sun, for Revati.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 263.7° + 335.9° = 599.6°, one full turn and 239.6°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 226°40′–240°00′ is the 18th, Variyana. It ends at 07:09, then Parigha.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Saptami is Garaja and the second Vanija. Garaja runs until 18:19, when the lead reaches 78°; Vanija until 06:39 Sun.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:34 to 06:34 Sun, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shaniwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Dhanu gives Pausha. The Sun enters Makara on 14 Jan, inside the month. The next new moon, 1 Feb, finds it in Makara and begins Magha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 2 Jan, with the Sun in Dhanu, began Pausha. This Shukla paksha reads Pausha in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 12 Apr 2021, 03:30 Mon. Since then the Sun has moved 265.4° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2078; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1943.