Panchang in Diffa, Niger Thu 27 May 2021

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 180°–192° is the 16th, Krishna Pratipada. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:41 here. Purnima ended at 12:13 Wed, before it. Pratipada ends at 08:32, when the lead reaches 192°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 26 May, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Dwitiya began at 08:32 and ended at 05:06 Fri, between the sunrises of 05:41 and 05:41 Fri. Thursday reads Pratipada and Friday reads Tritiya: Dwitiya is a kshaya tithi here.

The night of Wed 26 May ran from sunset 18:31 Wed to sunrise 05:41, 11 h 10 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 44 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:41 to 18:31, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 36 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:31 to 05:41 Fri, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 23 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Jyeshtha spans 226°40′–240°00′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 230°. It leaves at 17:59, for Mula.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 42° + 232.3° = 274.3°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 266°40′–280°00′ is the 21st, Siddha. It ends at 14:16, then Sadhya.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Pratipada is Balava and the second Kaulava. Balava ended at 22:22 Wed, when the lead reached 186°; Kaulava runs until 08:32.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:41 to 05:41 Fri, so the hours after midnight still belong to Guruwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Mesha gives Vaishakha. The Sun enters Vrishabha on 14 May, inside the month. The next new moon, 10 Jun, finds it in Vrishabha and begins Jyeshtha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 10 Jun, with the Sun in Vrishabha, begins Jyeshtha. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Jyeshtha here, and Vaishakha in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 12 Apr 2021, 03:30 Mon. Since then the Sun has moved 43.7° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2078; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1943.