Panchang in Diffa, Niger Thu 12 Dec 2019

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 180°–192° is the 16th, Krishna Pratipada. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:22 here. Purnima ended at 06:12, before it. Pratipada ends at 05:26 Fri, when the lead reaches 192°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 12 Dec, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 07:03, came before Purnima ended at 10:42: this day reads Purnima.

Diffa · UTC+1

Sunrise here, 06:22, came after Purnima ended at 06:12: this day reads Pratipada.

The night of Wed 11 Dec ran from sunset 17:43 Wed to sunrise 06:22, 12 h 39 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 50 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:22 to 17:43, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 25 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 17:43 to 06:22 Fri, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 34 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Mrigashira spans 53°20′–66°40′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 53°20′. It leaves at 01:48 Fri, for Ardra.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 235.7° + 55.8° = 291.5°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 280°00′–293°20′ is the 22nd, Sadhya. It ends at 09:20, then Shubha.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Pratipada is Balava and the second Kaulava. Balava runs until 17:52, when the lead reaches 186°; Kaulava until 05:26 Fri.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:22 to 06:22 Fri, so the hours after midnight still belong to Guruwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Vrishchika gives Margashirsha. The Sun enters Dhanu on 16 Dec, inside the month. The next new moon, 26 Dec, finds it in Dhanu and begins Pausha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 26 Dec, with the Sun in Dhanu, begins Pausha. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Pausha here, and Margashirsha in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 5 Apr 2019, 09:50 Fri. Since then the Sun has moved 244.5° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2076; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1941.