Panchang in Diffa, Niger Thu 17 Oct 2019

The Karwa Chauth fast is broken at moonrise. Chaturthi runs from 02:18 on Thu 17 Oct to 02:58 on Fri 18 Oct, so it holds moonrise only on Thu 17 Oct, at 20:38.

Karwa Chauth: every date in Diffa

The Sankashti fast is broken at moonrise. Chaturthi runs from 02:18 on Thu 17 Oct to 02:58 on Fri 18 Oct, so it holds moonrise only on Thu 17 Oct, at 20:38. No text giving Sankashti Chaturthi’s time was found; moonrise is Tithika’s convention.

Sankashti Chaturthi: every date in Diffa

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 216°–228° is the 19th, Krishna Chaturthi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:00 here. Tritiya ended at 02:18, before it. Chaturthi ends at 02:58 Fri, when the lead reaches 228°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 13 Oct, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 06:22, came before Tritiya ended at 06:48: this day reads Tritiya.

Diffa · UTC+1

Sunrise here, 06:00, came after Tritiya ended at 02:18: this day reads Chaturthi.

The night of Wed 16 Oct ran from sunset 17:50 Wed to sunrise 06:00, 12 h 10 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 48 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:00 to 17:49, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 28 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 17:49 to 06:00 Fri, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 31 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Krittika spans 26°40′–40°00′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 36°40′. It leaves at 11:21, for Rohini.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 179.4° + 37.2° = 216.6°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 213°20′–226°40′ is the 17th, Vyatipata. It ends at 23:43, then Variyana.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Chaturthi is Bava and the second Balava. Bava runs until 14:41, when the lead reaches 222°; Balava until 02:58 Fri.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:00 to 06:00 Fri, so the hours after midnight still belong to Guruwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Kanya gives Ashwina. The Sun enters Tula on 17 Oct, inside the month. The next new moon, 28 Oct, finds it in Tula and begins Kartika.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 28 Oct, with the Sun in Tula, begins Kartika. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Kartika here, and Ashwina in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 5 Apr 2019, 09:50 Fri. Since then the Sun has moved 188.2° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2076; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1941.