Panchang in Diffa, Niger Tue 16 Oct 2018

Durga Ashtami follows the tithi at sunrise. Ashtami holds both sunrises, 06:00 on Tue 16 Oct and 06:00 on Wed 17 Oct. Over two sunrises the Nirnayasindhu takes the first: Tue 16 Oct. No text giving Durga Ashtami’s time was found; sunrise is Tithika’s convention.

Durga Ashtami: every date in Diffa

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 84°–96° is the 8th, Shukla Ashtami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:00 here. Saptami ended at 05:46, before it. Ashtami ends at 08:20 Wed, when the lead reaches 96°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 9 Oct, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Ashtami began at 05:46, before sunrise at 06:00, and ends at 08:20 Wed, after the next sunrise at 06:00 Wed. Both days read Ashtami: it is a vriddhi tithi here.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 06:22, came before Saptami ended at 10:16: this day reads Saptami.

Diffa · UTC+1

Sunrise here, 06:00, came after Saptami ended at 05:46: this day reads Ashtami.

The night of Mon 15 Oct ran from sunset 17:50 Mon to sunrise 06:00, 12 h 10 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 48 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:00 to 17:49, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 28 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 17:49 to 06:00 Wed, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 31 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Purva Ashadha spans 253°20′–266°40′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 260°. It leaves at 13:52, for Uttara Ashadha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 178.7° + 262.8° = 441.5°, one full turn and 81.5°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 80°00′–93°20′ is the 7th, Sukarma. It ends at 04:14 Wed, then Dhriti.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Ashtami is Vishti and the second Bava. Vishti runs until 19:01, when the lead reaches 90°; Bava until 08:20 Wed.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:00 to 06:00 Wed, so the hours after midnight still belong to Mangalawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Kanya gives Ashwina. The Sun enters Tula on 17 Oct, inside the month. The next new moon, 7 Nov, finds it in Tula and begins Kartika.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 9 Oct, with the Sun in Kanya, began Ashwina. This Shukla paksha reads Ashwina in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 17 Mar 2018, 14:11 Sat. Since then the Sun has moved 205.9° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2075; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1940.