Panchang in Diffa, Niger Fri 18 May 2018

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 36°–48° is the 4th, Shukla Chaturthi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:43 here. Tritiya ended at 03:54, before it. Chaturthi ends at 00:58 Sat, when the lead reaches 48°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 15 May, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 05:29, came before Tritiya ended at 08:24: this day reads Tritiya. Chaturthi ends at 05:28 Sat, before the next sunrise, so no day here reads Chaturthi: it is kshaya.

Diffa · UTC+1

Sunrise here, 05:43, came after Tritiya ended at 03:54: this day reads Chaturthi.

The night of Thu 17 May ran from sunset 18:28 Thu to sunrise 05:43, 11 h 15 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 45 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:43 to 18:29, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 35 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:29 to 05:42 Sat, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 24 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Ardra spans 66°40′–80°00′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 70°. It leaves at 21:53, for Punarvasu.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 33.1° + 70.1° = 103.2°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 93°20′–106°40′ is the 8th, Dhriti. It ends at 10:59, then Shula.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Chaturthi is Vanija and the second Vishti. Vanija runs until 14:25, when the lead reaches 42°; Vishti until 00:58 Sat.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:43 to 05:42 Sat, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shukrawara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 15 May 12:47 Tue to 13 Jun 20:43 Wed the Sun stayed in Vrishabha, entering Mithuna at 15 Jun 07:06 Fri, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Jyeshtha, before Jyeshtha itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 15 May, with the Sun in Vrishabha, began Jyeshtha (Adhik). This Shukla paksha reads Jyeshtha (Adhik) in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 17 Mar 2018, 14:11 Sat. Since then the Sun has moved 60.3° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2075; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1940.