Panchang in Diffa, Niger Fri 6 Jan 2017

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 84°–96° is the 8th, Shukla Ashtami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:34 here. Saptami ended at 09:30 Thu, before it. Ashtami ends at 07:55, when the lead reaches 96°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 29 Dec, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Navami began at 07:55 and ended at 05:51 Sat, between the sunrises of 06:34 and 06:34 Sat. Friday reads Ashtami and Saturday reads Dashami: Navami is a kshaya tithi here.

The night of Thu 5 Jan ran from sunset 17:56 Thu to sunrise 06:34, 12 h 38 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 50 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:34 to 17:56, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 25 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 17:56 to 06:34 Sat, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 34 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Revati spans 346°40′–360°00′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 356°40′. It leaves at 11:15, for Ashwini.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 262° + 357.3° = 619.3°, one full turn and 259.3°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 253°20′–266°40′ is the 20th, Shiva. It ends at 18:21, then Siddha.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Ashtami is Vishti and the second Bava. Vishti ended at 20:46 Thu, when the lead reached 90°; Bava runs until 07:55.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:34 to 06:34 Sat, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shukrawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Dhanu gives Pausha. The Sun enters Makara on 14 Jan, inside the month. The next new moon, 28 Jan, finds it in Makara and begins Magha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 29 Dec, with the Sun in Dhanu, began Pausha. This Shukla paksha reads Pausha in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 7 Apr 2016, 12:23 Thu. Since then the Sun has moved 268° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2073; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1938.