Panchang in Diffa, Niger Fri 18 Oct 2013

Sharad Purnima’s night centres on nishitha, the midnight muhurta. Purnima runs from 01:04 on Fri 18 Oct to 00:37 on Sat 19 Oct, so only Friday night’s nishitha (23:30–00:19 Sat) falls within it. No text giving Sharad Purnima’s time was found; nishitha is Tithika’s convention.

Sharad Purnima: every date in Diffa

Purnima follows the tithi at sunrise. Purnima runs from 01:04 on Fri 18 Oct to 00:37 on Sat 19 Oct, so it holds sunrise only on Fri 18 Oct, at 06:00. No text giving Purnima’s time was found; sunrise is Tithika’s convention.

Purnima: every date in Diffa

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 168°–180° is the 15th, Shukla Purnima. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:00 here. Chaturdashi ended at 01:04, before it. Purnima ends at 00:37 Sat, when the lead reaches 180°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 5 Oct, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

The night of Thu 17 Oct ran from sunset 17:49 Thu to sunrise 06:00, 12 h 11 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 48 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:00 to 17:48, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 28 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 17:48 to 06:00 Sat, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 31 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Revati spans 346°40′–360°00′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 350°. It leaves at 21:30, for Ashwini.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 180.9° + 351.5° = 532.4°, one full turn and 172.4°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 160°00′–173°20′ is the 13th, Vyaghata. It ends at 07:34, then Harshana.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Purnima is Vishti and the second Bava. Vishti runs until 12:47, when the lead reaches 174°; Bava until 00:37 Sat.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:00 to 06:00 Sat, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shukrawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Kanya gives Ashwina. The Sun enters Tula on 17 Oct, inside the month. The next new moon, 3 Nov, finds it in Tula and begins Kartika.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 5 Oct, with the Sun in Kanya, began Ashwina. This Shukla paksha reads Ashwina in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 10 Apr 2013, 10:35 Wed. Since then the Sun has moved 184.3° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2070; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1935.