Panchang in Diffa, Niger Sat 15 Sep 2012

Amavasya follows the tithi at sunrise. Amavasya runs from 05:10 on Sat 15 Sep to 03:10 on Sun 16 Sep, so it holds sunrise only on Sat 15 Sep, at 05:58. No text giving Amavasya’s time was found; sunrise is Tithika’s convention.

Amavasya: every date in Diffa

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 348°–360° is the 30th, Krishna Amavasya. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:58 here. Chaturdashi ended at 05:10, before it. Amavasya ends at 03:10 Sun, when the lead reaches 360°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 31 Aug, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 06:06, came before Chaturdashi ended at 09:40: this day reads Chaturdashi.

Diffa · UTC+1

Sunrise here, 05:58, came after Chaturdashi ended at 05:10: this day reads Amavasya.

The night of Fri 14 Sep ran from sunset 18:11 Fri to sunrise 05:58, 11 h 47 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 47 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:58 to 18:10, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 31 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:10 to 05:58 Sun, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 28 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Purva Phalguni spans 133°20′–146°40′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 136°40′. It leaves at 22:14, for Uttara Phalguni.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 148.7° + 137.2° = 285.9°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 280°00′–293°20′ is the 22nd, Sadhya. It ends at 17:54, then Shubha.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Amavasya is Chatushpada and the second Nagava. Chatushpada runs until 16:14, when the lead reaches 354°; Nagava until 03:10 Sun.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:58 to 05:58 Sun, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shaniwara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 17 Aug 16:54 Fri to 16 Sep 03:10 Sun the Sun stayed in Simha, entering Kanya at 16 Sep 13:24 Sun, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Bhadrapada, before Bhadrapada itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 16 Sep, with the Sun in Simha, begins Bhadrapada (Adhik). Until then this Krishna paksha reads Bhadrapada (Adhik) here, and Bhadrapada (Adhik) in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 22 Mar 2012, 15:37 Thu. Since then the Sun has moved 170.4° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2069; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1934.